Basic Textiles terms

Textile

The word ''textile'' originally applied only to woven fabrics, now generally applied to fibers, yarns, or fabrics or products made offers, yarns or fabrics. The term textile originates from the latin verb texter to weave but, as the Textile Institute's Terms and Definitions Glossary explains, it is now ''a general term applied to any manufacture from fibers, filaments or yarns characterized by flexibility, fineness and high ratio of Length to thickness'' 

Textile is a very widely used term which includes: 

1. All kinds of fibers(e.g: Cotton, Jute, Wool, Polyester, Viscose etc) 

2. All kinds of Process(e.g: Spinning, Weaving, Knitting, Dyeing, Printing, Finishing etc.) 

3. All kinds of machineries(e.g: Spinning machineries, Weaving machineries, Knitting machineries, Dyeing machineries, Testing machineries etc.) 

4. To convert textile fiber into finished or end use products(e.g: Garments, Technical textiles, Geo textiles, Medical textiles, E-textiles etc.) 

Basic Textiles terms

Yarn	Basic raw material for weaving/Knitting
Type of yarn	Single ply, double ply and multiply
Yarn count	Defines thickness of yarn. Higher the count, finer the yarn
Warp	Lengthwise yarn in the fabric.
Weft (filling)	Width wise yarn in the fabric.
Selvedge	Edges of the fabric running lengthwise
Woven Fabric	Woven fabrics are made by using two or more sets of yarn interlaced at right angles to each other.
Knitted Fabric	Knitted fabrics are formed by series of interlocking loops (example: knit wears)
Sewing Thread	Sewing Thread is a type of yarn used for sewing.

Flow Chart of Textile Processing: 

Input/Raw Materials →→ Processing Steps → →→→→→ Output 

Textile Fibers →→→→→→ Yarn Manufacturing  →→→→→→→→→→→ Yarn
(Spinning Mill) 
↓

↓ 
Yarn→→→→→→→ Fabric Manufacturing→→→→→Grey Fabrics  

(Weaving/Knitting Industry) 
↓ 
↓ 
Grey Fabrics→→→→→→Wet Processing →→→→→Finished Fabrics 
(Dyeing, Printing & Finishing Industry) 
↓
↓  
Finished Fabrics→→→→ →Garment Manufacturing→→→→→ Garments 
(Garment Industry)