Geo-textile
Geo-textile
Geo-textile is a part of
technical textiles which is used for special purposes. Geo-textiles form one of
the two largest groups of Geo-synthetics. The raw material of geo-textile comes
from polyester, Polyamide, Polypropylene, and Polyethylene. The application of
geo-textile is civil engineering, coastal engineering, and also huge used of
construction sites. Generally, geo-textiles are located in the tension area to make stronger the soil.
Now I would like to discuss the classification of geo-textile.
The
Classification of Geo-textiles:
Geo-textile is divided by two
ways. They are-
1. According
to Time of Use
2. According
to the Method of Production
1. According to Time of Use:
1st
Generation:
Geo-textiles that were being manufactured for
another purpose, such as carpet or industrial sacking, but later used for geo-technical purposes are known as 1st generation geo-textiles.
2nd
Generation:
Geo-textiles that were manufactured for certain
geo-technical purposes, but without adopting modern technology.
3rd
Generation:
Geo-textile that was
manufactured, designed, and produced to meet certain end uses. It is an actual
geo-textile.
2. According to the Method of Production:
Woven:
These were produced in
various types of loom. However, these were categorized as lighter
geotextile and heavier geotextile.
Heat Bonded Non-woven:
These geotextiles are normally made from continuous filament fine fibers that has been laid randomly
onto a moving belt and passed through the heated roller system when a thin
sheet of textile is obtained.
Needle Punched Non-woven:
These types of
geo-textiles are made from a blended web of continuous or staple filament that
is passed through a bank of maple reciprocating bearded needles. In the case of
needle-punched non-woven geotextile, the GSM can be found up to 2000 which is
too higher than heat-bonded non-woven geo-textiles.
Knitted Geo-textiles:
Knitted
geotextiles are normally restricted to warp knitting. These are normally used for fine filtration, soil reinforcing grids, etc.
RAW MATERIAL OF GEO-TEXTILE
The four main polymer families most widely used as the raw
material for geotextiles are:
1. Polyester
2. Poly-amide
3. Polypropylene
4. Polyethylene
THE BASIC PROPERTIES OF GEO-TEXTILE
The properties of polymer material are affected by its average
molecular weight (MW ) and its statistical distribution. Increasing the average
MW results in increasing:
·
Tensile strength
·
Elongation
·
Impact strength
·
Stress crack resistance
·
Heat resistance
Narrowing the molecular weight distribution results in:
·
Increased impact strength
·
Decreased stress crack
resistance
·
Decreased processability.
Increasing crystallinity results in:
·
Increasing stiffness or
hardness
·
Increasing heat
resistance
·
Increasing tensile
strength
·
Increasing modulus
·
Increasing chemical
resistance
·
Decreasing diffusive
permeability
·
Decreasing elongation or
strain at failure
·
Decreasing flexibility
·
Decreasing impact
strength
·
Decreasing stress crack
resistance
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